ʻO ka noho kiwikā o ka kiwikā pepeke he ʻāpana sila koʻikoʻi i loko o ka kiwikā pepeke. ʻO kāna hana nui, ʻo ia ke hoʻopili aku i ka papa pepeke (disc valve) a hana i kahi ʻili sila ke pani ʻia ka kiwikā e pale aku i ka leaka waena. ʻO ke kikoʻī, ʻo kanoho kiwikā pepekehiki ke hoʻokomo ʻia ma ka paia o loko o ke kino valve a i ʻole i hoʻolālā ʻia e hoʻohui ʻia me ka pā butterfly, e hilinaʻi ana i kāna mea a me ke ʻano e hoʻokō ai i kahi hopena sila maikaʻi.
1. Hoʻolauna ʻana o ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana o ka noho valve Butterfly
1. 1 Ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana ma o nā mea
A. Noho kiwikā palupalu elastic
ʻO ka maʻamau, pili ia i nā mea e like me ka laholio, silicone, polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE).
Nā Pōmaikaʻi: hana sila maikaʻi, pane wikiwiki, kūpono no ka mahana haʻahaʻa, ke kaomi haʻahaʻa a me nā mea ʻino haʻahaʻa (koe naʻe ʻo PTFE).
Nā mea kūpono ʻole: ke kūpaʻa ʻole o ka ʻaʻahu, ua kaupalena ʻia ke ola lawelawe e ka ʻelemakule o nā mea.
B. Noho kiwikā hao
Hana ʻia me ke kila kila, ke kila kalapona a i ʻole nā mea metala ʻē aʻe.
Nā Pōmaikaʻi: ke kūpaʻa wela kiʻekiʻe, ke kūpaʻa kiʻekiʻe o ke kaomi, ke kūpaʻa ikaika o ka ʻaʻahu, kūpono no nā kūlana hana koʻikoʻi.
Nā mea kūpono ʻole: nā koi kiʻekiʻe no ka sila ʻana o ka metala-a-metala, ka pololei o ka hana ʻana a me nā koi hoʻonohonoho.
C. Noho kiwikā hui pū ʻia
Hoʻohui i nā pono o ka metala a me nā mea palupalu, e uhi pinepine ana i ka ʻano metala me nā mea elastic e like me ka graphite.
ʻAʻole hiki iā ia ke hōʻoia i ka hana sila maikaʻi wale nō, akā hoʻomaikaʻi hoʻi i ke kūpaʻa ʻana i ke kapa a me ke ola lawelawe.
1.2. Hoʻokaʻawale ʻana ma ke ʻano hoʻonohonoho
A. Noho hope paʻa
Hoʻohui like ʻia ka noho valve a me ke kua, me kahi ʻano maʻalahi, a kūpono ka ʻili sila me ke kino valve.
ʻO ka hemahema o kēianoho kiwikā hope paʻakikīʻO ia ke pau ka noho o ka valve a ʻelemakule paha, pono e wehe ʻia ka valve butterfly holoʻokoʻa no ka hoʻololi ʻana.
B. Noho palupalu hiki ke wehe ʻia
ʻO kanoho kiwikā palupaluhoʻohana i kahi hoʻolālā dovetail a hiki ke wehe ʻia a hoʻololi ʻia ma kahi kaʻawale.
ʻO ka pōmaikaʻi, he maʻalahi ka mālama a hoʻolōʻihi i ke ola lawelawe o ka valve butterfly ma ke ʻano holoʻokoʻa.
1.3. Wahi a ka hoʻolālā kūikawā
A. Pālua kiwikā pulelehua eccentric
Neʻe ka papa pulelehua ma nā koʻi eccentric ʻelua i ka wā e pani ʻia ai e hōʻemi i ka friction pili me ka noho valve.
ʻO nā pono ka hoʻemi ʻia ʻana o ke komo ʻana, ka hoʻolōʻihi ʻia o ke ola o ka noho valve, a me ka hoʻomaikaʻi ʻana i ka hana sila.
B. Kiwikā pulelehua ʻokoʻa ʻekolu
ʻO ka hoʻolālā hou aʻe e pili ana i ka eccentricity pālua e hiki ai i ka papa pulelehua a me ka noho kiwikā metala ke hoʻokō i ka hoʻopili pololei ʻana o ka metala-a-metala.
Hiki iā ia ke hoʻokō i ka hopena leaka ʻole maoli a kūpono hoʻi no nā kūlana hana koi kiʻekiʻe (e like me ke kiʻekiʻe o ka mahana a me nā pāpaho kiʻekiʻe).
He ʻokoʻa nā ʻano kino a me nā kemika o nā ʻano mea noho kiwikā like ʻole a kūpono hoʻi no nā kūlana hana like ʻole. Ma kēia ʻatikala, ke aʻo nui nei mākou a hoʻohālikelike i nā ʻano nui, ka hana a me nā noi o nā noho kiwikā elastic.
ʻO nā noho kiwikā elastic i hoʻohana pinepine ʻia ma ka mākeke ʻo NBR, EPDM, VITON (FKM), rubber kūlohelohe (NR), silicone (Silicone Rubber), polyurethane (PU), hydrogenated nitrile rubber (HNBR), HYPALON (CSM), PTFE:
2. Hoʻohālikelike o nā waiwai o ka noho Valve
| Mea Hana | NBR (ʻApala Nitrile) | ʻEPDM (ʻEthylene Propylene Diene Monomer Rubber) | VITON (FKM/Fluorocarbon Rubber) | NR (Lāhoe Kūlohelohe) | ʻO ka laholio silikona | PU (Polyurethane) | HNBR (Haydrogenated Nitrile Rubber) | HYPALON (CSM/ʻŌpala Polyethylene Chlorosulfonated) | PTFE (Polytetrafluoroethylene, Teflon) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ke kū'ē ʻana i ka ʻaila | Maikaʻi loa | ʻilihune | Kūlana kiʻekiʻe (kūʻē i nā wahie a me nā kemika) | ʻilihune | ʻilihune | Waena | Maikaʻi loa (kūʻē i ka ʻaila, ka wahie, a me nā mea hoʻoluʻu) | Waena | Maikaʻi loa (kū'ē kemika maikaʻi loa) |
| Ke kū'ē kemika | Kaulike, kū'ē i nā waikawa a me nā kumu palupalu | Maikaʻi loa (kūʻē i nā waikawa, nā kumu, a me nā mea hoʻoheheʻe) | Maikaʻi loa (kūʻē i nā waikawa, nā kumu, nā mea hoʻoheheʻe organik) | Waena | Maikaʻi loa (kū i nā mea hoʻoheheʻe oxidizers, ʻaʻohe mea ʻawahia) | Waena | Maikaʻi (kūʻē i nā waikawa a me nā kumu palupalu) | Maikaʻi loa (kūʻē i nā waikawa, nā kumu, a me nā mea hoʻoheheʻe) | Maikaʻi loa (kūʻē i nā kemika āpau) |
| Pae Mahana (°C) | -30 ~ 100 | -40 ~ 120 (a hiki i ka 150) | -20 ~ 200 | -50 ~ 70 | -60 ~ 230 | -30 ~ 80 | -40 ~ 150 | -40 ~ 130 | -200 ~ 260 |
| Ke kū'ē ʻana i ka ʻaʻahu | Maikaʻi loa | Waena | Maikaʻi loa | Maikaʻi loa (kū'ē i ke komo ʻana) | Waena | Maikaʻi loa (ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ke kūpaʻa ʻana i ka ʻaʻahu) | Maikaʻi loa | Maikaʻi loa | ʻilihune (maʻalahi ke komo ʻana) |
| Ke kū'ē wai | Waena | Maikaʻi loa (kūpono no ka wai wela a me ka mahu) | Waena | Maikaʻi loa | Maikaʻi loa (kūpono i ka meaʻai) | Waena | Maikaʻi loa | Maikaʻi loa | Maikaʻi loa (pale wai) |
| Ke Kū'ē ʻana i ke Aniau (UV/Ozone) | ʻilihune (ʻelemakule maʻalahi) | Maikaʻi loa (kū'ē i ke aniau kiʻekiʻe) | Maikaʻi loa | Waena | Maikaʻi loa (kūʻē i ke aniau koʻikoʻi) | Waena | Maikaʻi loa (kū'ē i ke aniau kiʻekiʻe) | Kūlana kiʻekiʻe (kū'ē i ke aniau kiʻekiʻe) | Maikaʻi loa (pale UV a me ka ʻelemakule) |
| Ka maʻalahi | Maikaʻi loa | Maikaʻi loa | Waena | Maikaʻi loa | Maikaʻi loa | Maikaʻi loa | Maikaʻi loa | Maikaʻi loa | Paʻakikī (haʻahaʻa ka haʻalulu) |
| Nā Noi Nui | Wahie, ʻaila lubricating, ʻōnaehana ʻaila hydraulic, nā sila ʻoihana | Nā ʻōnaehana hoʻolako wai a me ka hoʻokahe wai, nā paipu kemika, nā ʻōnaehana mahu, nā lako o waho | Nā noi kemika wela kiʻekiʻe, nā ʻōnaehana wahie, aerospace, nā petrochemicals | ʻEli ʻana, nā lako hana pale ʻaʻahu, nā uhi mīkini | ʻAi, lāʻau lapaʻau, sila uila, nā noi wela kiʻekiʻe a me ka haʻahaʻa | Ke sila ʻana i ka mīkini, nā lako hana pale ʻaʻahu, ka hana mining, nā ʻōnaehana hydraulic | Nā kemika petrochemical, ʻoihana kaʻa, nā sila aila wela kiʻekiʻe | ʻOihana kemika, nā wahi ʻinoʻino, nā lako o waho, ka sila ʻana o ka ozone | Nā kemika ʻino ikaika, nā lāʻau lapaʻau, ke sila ʻana i ka meaʻai, ke sila ʻana i ka mahana kiʻekiʻe |
3. Nā Kūlana Hana Kūpono no nā Mea Noho Valve
| Mea Hana | Ke kū'ē ʻana i ka wahie/ʻaila | Ke kū'ē ʻana i ka waikawa/kumu | Ke kū'ē ʻana i ka mahana kiʻekiʻe | Ke kū'ē ʻana i ka mahana haʻahaʻa | Ke kū'ē wai | Ke kū'ē ʻana i ka ʻaʻahu | Ke Kū'ē ʻana i ke Aniau (Waho, ʻOzone) | Papa Meaʻai |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| NBR | ✔ | ❌ | ❌ | ❌ | ❌ | ✔ | ❌ | ❌ |
| EPDM | ❌ | ✔ | ✔ | ✔ | ✔ | ❌ | ✔ | ✔ |
| ʻO VITON | ✔ | ✔ | ✔ | ❌ | ❌ | ✔ | ✔ | ❌ |
| NR | ❌ | ❌ | ❌ | ✔ | ✔ | ✔ | ❌ | ❌ |
| Silikon | ❌ | ✔ | ✔ | ✔ | ✔ | ❌ | ✔ | ✔ |
| PU | ❌ | ❌ | ❌ | ❌ | ❌ | ✔ | ❌ | ❌ |
| HNBR | ✔ | ✔ | ✔ | ✔ | ✔ | ✔ | ✔ | ❌ |
| HYPALON | ❌ | ✔ | ✔ | ✔ | ✔ | ✔ | ✔ | ❌ |
| PTFE | ✔ | ✔ | ✔ | ✔ | ✔ | ❌ | ✔ | ✔ |
4. Nā Manaʻo Koho Mea Hana
· No nā noi wahie, ʻaila, a i ʻole ka ʻaila hydraulic → NBR, HNBR, VITON
· No ke kūpaʻa waikawa/kumu a me ke kemika → EPDM, HYPALON, VITON, PTFE
· No ke kūpaʻa wela kiʻekiʻe (>150°C) → VITON, Silicone, HYPALON, PTFE
· No nā noi haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa (<-40°C)→ NR, Silicone, PTFE
· No ke kūpaʻa kiʻekiʻe i ka ʻaʻahu a me ka abrasion (mining, mīkini) → NR, PU, HNBR
· No ka wai inu a me nā noi papa meaʻai → EPDM, Silicone, PTFE
· No ke kū'ē'ē o waho a me ka ozone → EPDM, HYPALON, Silicone, PTFE
5. Hopena
· NBR (Nitrile Rubber): ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi no nā hana i hoʻokumu ʻia i ka ʻaila e like me ka wahie, ka ʻaila hydraulic, akā ʻaʻole kūpono no nā mahana kiʻekiʻe a me nā waikawa/kumu.
· EPDM (Ethylene Propylene Rubber): Kūpono no nā ʻōnaehana mālama wai, kemika, a me ka mahu; kūpaʻa loa i ka wā akā ʻaʻole kūpaʻa i ka aila.
· VITON (Fluorocarbon Rubber): Maikaʻi loa no nā mahana kiʻekiʻe, nā waikawa/kumu ikaika, a me nā noi wahie.
· NR (Lāpala Kūlohelohe): Kūpaʻa maikaʻi loa i ka ʻānai ʻana, hoʻohana ʻia i ka hana ʻeli a me nā mīkini akā ʻaʻole kū i nā kemika.
· Laholika Silicone: Maikaʻi loa no nā mahana kiʻekiʻe/haʻahaʻa, nā noi palekana meaʻai, akā ʻaʻohe kūpaʻa i ka ʻaʻahu.
· PU (Polyurethane): ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi no ke kūpaʻa ʻana i ka ʻaʻahu ʻino loa, hoʻohana ʻia i nā sila hydraulic a me nā noi mining.
· HNBR (Haydrogenated Nitrile Rubber): ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi ma mua o NBR i nā noi wela kiʻekiʻe a me ke komo ʻana, hoʻohana ʻia i nā ʻoihana petrochemical.
· HYPALON (CSM/Chlorosulfonated Polyethylene Rubber): ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi no ke kūpaʻa ʻana i ka waikawa/kumu a me ka pili ʻana i ke aniau, kūpono no ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana i nā kemika a me ka ozone.
· PTFE (Polytetrafluoroethylene): ʻO ka mea kūpaʻa loa i nā kemika, kūpono no nā mahana kiʻekiʻe, nā wahi ʻino, a me ka hana ʻana i ka meaʻai.